AGE OF EMPIRES 3 ERROR 101 DRIVER

Later the Mitanni Kingdom was divided in two with the western half taken over by the Hittite Empire and the eastern half taken over by the Assyrians.Īt the end of the Bronze Age between 12 bce only the Egyptian Empire remained with all other empires, kingdoms and city-states having been destroyed in the “catastrophe”.

In c.1450–1500 bce the Mitanni Kingdom in northern Mesopotamia began, Minoan culture ended on Crete and the Kassites ruled Babylonia.

Knowledge of writing and education was reserved to a small minority of scribes and the aristocrats.ĭevelopments in the ancient Near East after 1700 bce include the Hittite Empire beginning c.1700 bce, in c.1600 bce the Minoan civilization reached its peak and Mycenae in Greece was occupied with the Mycenaean civilization flourishing until c.1200 bce. The Middle Bronze Age civilizations c.1700 bce displayed all their characteristic social traits: a low level of urbanization due to an agricultural based society small cities centered around royal palaces numerous temples a strict separation of classes between an illiterate mass of peasants and craftsmen and a powerful military elite. In 1630 bce, the Hyksos swept into the Nile Delta region, and in 1595 bce the Hittites swept into Mesopotamia. The foot soldiers of Egypt and Babylonia were unable to defend against these invaders. This type of weapon or style of warfare was unknown among the classical oriental civilizations. This system of weaponry was developed and refined earlier, during years of warfare on the plains of Central Asia.

AGE OF EMPIRES 3 ERROR 101 DRIVER

They came in fast two-wheeled horse-drawn chariots with a driver and an archer on board. Anatolia was made up of small city-states including Arzawa.Įgypt and Babylon’s military tactics were based on foot soldiers and were no match for the hordes of invaders who came from the Central Asian plains and swept through the Near East. In 1700 bce the Ancient Near East was dominated by Egypt in the Nile Valley and into the Levant, the Kingdom of Babylon in Mesopotamia and the Minoan civilization in Crete. As can be seen from this chart, this time period includes the Second Intermediate Period of Egypt, the Hittite Old Kingdom, Minoan Eruption, the Hittite Middle Kingdom, The Hittite New Kingdom, Mitanni and Ugarit Kingdoms, the Sea Peoples, Troy VII and the Hekla 3 eruption followed by the post End of the Bronze Age Neo-Hittite states in the remains of what was the Hittite Empire. The focus of this book is the period from 1700 bce when the Hittite Empire began until 1150 bce when the Bronze Age in the Near East officially ended (the end being between 1200 to 1150 bce). Hittite New Kingdom, Mitanni, Ugarit and End of Indus Valley Civilization Minoan civilization and Begining of End of Indus Valley Civilization Protodynastic to Early Dynastic Period of Egypt Ghassulian, Uruk period, Gerzeh, Predynastic Egypt The Ancient Near East and Middle East Periodization Chart (Table 5.1) shows Near Eastern and Middle Eastern history divided into eras. The Ancient Near East also introduced organized warfare, slavery and the stratification of societies, as well as laying down the foundations of the fields of astronomy and mathematics. The Ancient Near East was characterized by being the first to practice intensive year-round agriculture, developing the first writing system, inventing the potter’s wheel and mill wheel, pioneering centralized governments, law codes and empires. For the purposes of this book, the region has been expanded to include the Eastern Mediterranean region adjacent to the Near East which includes Greece, Crete and Cyprus. The Ancient Near East region covered the modern Middle East including Mesopotamia (modern Iraq), Ancient Egypt, Ancient Iran, Anatolia/Asia Minor (modern Turkey), The Levant (modern Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Palestine and Jordan) and the Arabian Peninsula. The Ancient Near East was the region home to early civilizations that were so important in the development of human society, and is referred to as the “Cradle of Civilization”. The Ancient Near East 1700–1150 bce: A Geopolitical Background

Age of empires 3 error 101